Mafi girman lokacin shayarwa na shanun kiwo shine babban matakin kiwo.Noman madara a wannan lokacin yana da yawa, yana lissafin fiye da 40% na yawan samar da madara a duk tsawon lokacin shayarwa, kuma yanayin kiwo a wannan mataki ya canza.Idan ciyarwa da kulawa ba ta dace ba, ba wai kawai shanun ba za su iya kai ga lokacin samar da madara ba, lokacin samar da madarar na ɗan lokaci kaɗan ne, amma kuma zai shafi lafiyar shanun.Don haka ya zama dole a karfafa ciyarwa da sarrafa shanun kiwo a lokacin kololuwar lokacin shayarwa, ta yadda za a iya amfani da aikin nono na kiwo gaba daya, kuma a tsawaita tsawon lokacin samar da madara gwargwadon yadda zai yiwu. , ta yadda za a kara samar da madara da kuma tabbatar da lafiyar shanun.
Mafi girman lokacin shayarwa na shanun kiwo gabaɗaya yana nufin tsawon kwanaki 21 zuwa 100 bayan haihuwa.Halayen shanun kiwo a wannan mataki sune abinci mai kyau, babban buƙatar abinci mai gina jiki, babban abincin abinci, da yawan shayarwa.Rashin wadataccen abinci zai shafi aikin nono na shanun kiwo.Lokacin kololuwar lokacin shayarwa lokaci ne mai mahimmanci don kiwo kiwo.Samuwar nonon a wannan mataki ya kai sama da kashi 40 cikin 100 na samar da madara a duk tsawon lokacin shayarwa, wanda ke da alaka da samar da madara a duk tsawon lokacin shayarwa da kuma alaka da lafiyar shanu.Ƙarfafa ciyarwa da sarrafa shanun kiwo a lokacin kololuwar lokacin shayarwa shine mabuɗin tabbatar da yawan amfanin gonakin kiwo.Sabili da haka, ya kamata a ƙarfafa ciyarwa da kulawa da kyau don inganta cikakkiyar haɓaka aikin nono na shanu, da kuma tsawaita tsawon lokacin lokacin shayarwa kamar yadda zai yiwu don tabbatar da lafiyar shanun..
1. Halayen canje-canje na jiki a lokacin kololuwar lactation
Jiki na kiwo zai fuskanci jerin canje-canje a lokacin lokacin shayarwa, musamman a lokacin mafi girma na lokacin shayarwa, samar da madarar za ta karu sosai, kuma jiki zai sami canje-canje masu yawa.Bayan haihuwa, jiki da kuzarin jiki suna cinyewa sosai.Idan saniya ce mai dogon aiki, aikin zai fi tsanani.Haɗe tare da lactation bayan haihuwa, calcium na jini a cikin saniya zai gudana daga jiki tare da madara a cikin adadi mai yawa, don haka Ayyukan narkewar shanun kiwo ya ragu, kuma a cikin lokuta masu tsanani, zai iya haifar da ciwon nono na bayan haihuwa. .A wannan mataki, samar da madarar shanun kiwo ya kai kololuwa.Karuwar noman nonon zai haifar da karuwar bukatar shanun kiwo na abinci mai gina jiki, kuma cin abinci ba zai iya biyan bukatu na sinadiran kiwo don yawan noman nono ba.Zai yi amfani da kuzarin jiki don samar da madara, wanda zai sa nauyin shanun kiwo ya fara raguwa.Idan wadataccen abinci mai gina jiki na saniya na dogon lokaci bai isa ba, shanun kiwo sun rasa nauyi da yawa yayin lokacin shayarwa, wanda ba makawa zai haifar da sakamako mara kyau.Ayyukan haifuwa da aikin nono na gaba zai sami sakamako mara kyau.Don haka, ya zama dole a aiwatar da ciyarwar kimiyya da kulawa da aka yi niyya bisa la’akari da yanayin canjin yanayin kiwo a lokacin kololuwar lokacin shayarwa don tabbatar da cewa sun sami isasshen abinci mai gina jiki tare da dawo da lafiyar jikinsu da wuri-wuri.
2. Ciyarwa a lokacin kololuwar lactation
Don shanun kiwo a kololuwar lactation, ya zama dole don zaɓar hanyar ciyar da ta dace bisa ga ainihin halin da ake ciki.Ana iya zaɓar hanyoyin ciyarwa guda uku masu zuwa.
(1) Hanyar fa'ida ta gajeren lokaci
Wannan hanya ta fi dacewa da shanu tare da matsakaicin samar da madara.Shi ne don ƙara samar da abinci mai gina jiki a lokacin kololuwar lokacin nono na kiwo, ta yadda saniya za ta iya samun isassun abubuwan gina jiki don ƙarfafa samar da madarar kiwo a lokacin kololuwar lokacin shayarwa.Gabaɗaya, yana farawa kwanaki 20 bayan an haifi saniya.Bayan ci da ciyarwar saniya ta dawo al'ada, bisa ga kiyaye abinci na asali, ana ƙara adadin da ya dace na gauraye mai nauyin kilogiram 1 zuwa 2 don zama "cibiyar ci gaba" don haɓaka samar da madara a lokacin kololuwar lokacin. nonon saniya.Idan ana ci gaba da samun karuwar nonon madara bayan karuwar hankali, ana bukatar a ci gaba da karawa bayan sati 1 na ciyarwa, kuma a yi aiki mai kyau na lura da nonon shanun, har sai nonon shanun ya daina. ya tashi, tasha Ƙarin maida hankali.
(2) Hanyar kiwo jagora
Ya fi dacewa da shanun kiwo masu yawan gaske.Yin amfani da wannan hanyar don shanun kiwo masu matsakaici-zuwa-ƙasa-ƙasa na iya sa nauyin kiwo ya ƙaru cikin sauƙi, amma ba shi da kyau ga shanun.Wannan hanya tana amfani da abinci mai ƙarfi, abinci mai gina jiki don ciyar da shanun kiwo a cikin wani ɗan lokaci, wanda hakan zai ƙara yawan samar da madarar shanu.Ana buƙatar aiwatar da wannan doka daga lokacin haihuwa na saniya, wato kwanaki 15 kafin saniya ta haihu, har zuwa lokacin samar da madara bayan saniya ta kai kololuwar shayarwa.Lokacin ciyarwa, tare da asalin abincin da ba a canza ba a lokacin busassun madara, sannu a hankali ƙara yawan adadin abubuwan da ake ciyarwa a kowace rana har sai adadin abin da aka ciyar ya kai kilogiram 1 zuwa 1.5 na maida hankali a kowace kilogiram 100 na nauyin kiwo..Bayan da shanun suka haihu, adadin ciyarwar yana ƙaruwa bisa ga adadin abincin yau da kullun na kilogiram 0.45 na hankali, har sai shanun sun kai lokacin shayarwa.Bayan lokacin kololuwar lokacin shayarwa ya ƙare, wajibi ne a daidaita adadin ciyarwar gwargwadon abin da ake ci na ciyarwar saniya, nauyin jiki, da samar da madara, sannan a hankali canzawa zuwa daidaitaccen abinci na yau da kullun.Lokacin amfani da hanyar ciyarwar da aka shiryar, kula da kada a makance ƙara yawan ciyarwar mai da hankali, da sakaci don ciyar da abinci.Ya zama dole a tabbatar da cewa shanun sun samu isassun kayan abinci da kuma samar da isasshen ruwan sha.
(3) Hanyar kiwo maye gurbin
Wannan hanya ta dace da shanu tare da matsakaicin samar da madara.Don yin irin wannan nau'in shanu ya shiga cikin kololuwar shayarwa lafiya kuma ya kara yawan samar da madara a lokacin kololuwar nono, ya zama dole a yi amfani da wannan hanyar.Hanyar ciyarwa ta maye gurbin ita ce canza rabon abinci iri-iri a cikin abinci, da kuma amfani da hanyar ƙarawa da rage yawan ciyar da abinci don tada sha'awar shanun kiwo, ta haka ne za a ƙara yawan shan shanun, yana ƙara yawan abincin. ciyar da canjin canjin abinci, da haɓaka samar da shanun kiwo.Girman madara.Hanya ta musamman ita ce canza tsarin rabon kowane mako guda, musamman don daidaita ma'auni da kayan abinci a cikin rabon, amma don tabbatar da cewa jimlar matakin na abinci ya kasance ba canzawa.Ta hanyar canza nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan abinci ta wannan hanyar, ba kawai saniya za ta iya ci gaba da cin abinci mai ƙarfi ba, har ma da shanun za su iya samun isasshen abinci mai gina jiki, ta yadda za a tabbatar da lafiyar shanu da haɓaka samar da madara.
Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa ga high samar, ƙara yawan mayar da hankali ciyar don tabbatar da samar da madara a kololuwa na lactation ne mai sauki sa sinadirai masu rahusa rashin daidaituwa a cikin madara saniya ta jiki, da kuma shi ne kuma sauki sa wuce kima ciki acid da canza abun da ke ciki na madara.Yana iya haifar da wasu cututtuka.Don haka, ana iya ƙara kitsen rumen a cikin abincin shanun kiwo masu yawan gaske don ƙara yawan abincin da ake ci.Wannan yana da amfani don haɓaka samar da madara, tabbatar da ingancin madara, haɓaka estrus bayan haihuwa da kuma ƙara yawan tunanin kiwo.Taimako, amma kula da sarrafa sashi, kuma kiyaye shi a 3% zuwa 5%.
3. Gudanarwa a lokacin kololuwar lactation
Shanun kiwo suna shiga kololuwar shayarwa kwanaki 21 bayan haihuwa, wanda gabaɗaya yana ɗaukar makonni 3 zuwa 4.Noman madara ya fara raguwa.Dole ne a sarrafa girman raguwar.Saboda haka, wajibi ne a lura da nono saniya ta nono da kuma nazarin dalilan.Baya ga ciyar da hankali, kula da kimiyya yana da matukar muhimmanci.Bugu da ƙari, ƙarfafa kula da muhalli na yau da kullum, kiwo ya kamata ya mayar da hankali kan kula da nononsu a lokacin lokacin kololuwar lokacin shayarwa don hana shanu daga fama da mastitis.Kula da daidaitattun ayyukan nono, ƙayyade lamba da lokacin nonon kowace rana, guje wa shayarwar madara, da tausa da zafi nono.Samar da nono na shanu yana da yawa a lokacin kololuwar lokacin lactation.Wannan mataki zai iya zama dacewa Ƙara yawan nono don cikakken sakin matsi a kan ƙirjin yana da matukar muhimmanci don inganta nono.Wajibi ne a yi aiki mai kyau na lura da mastitis a cikin shanun kiwo, kuma da sauri magance cutar da zarar an same ta.Bugu da kari, wajibi ne a karfafa motsa jiki na shanu.Idan yawan motsa jiki bai isa ba, ba kawai zai shafi samar da madara ba, har ma yana shafar lafiyar shanu, kuma yana da mummunar tasiri a kan fecundity.Don haka, dole ne shanu su kula da adadin motsa jiki da ya dace a kowace rana.Isasshen ruwan sha a lokacin kololuwar lokacin nono na shanun kiwo shima yana da matukar muhimmanci.A wannan mataki, shanun kiwo suna da yawan bukatar ruwa, kuma dole ne a samar da isasshen ruwan sha, musamman bayan kowace nonon, sai a sha ruwa nan take.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-04-2021
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