Sakamakon sake dawowar COVID-19, cunkoson tashar jiragen ruwa a kasashe da yankuna da yawa ya sake tsananta.A halin yanzu, kwantenan TEU miliyan 2.73 suna jiran a kwashe su a sauke su a wajen tashoshin jiragen ruwa, kuma sama da jiragen sama 350 a duniya suna jiran a yi jigilar kaya.Wasu kafafen yada labarai sun ce annobar da ake ci gaba da yi a halin yanzu na iya sa tsarin jigilar kayayyaki a duniya ya fuskanci matsala mafi girma cikin shekaru 65.
1. Annobar da aka samu akai-akai da farfadowar da ake bukata sun sanya jigilar kayayyaki da tashoshin jiragen ruwa na duniya fuskantar gwaji masu mahimmanci
Baya ga matsanancin yanayi da zai haifar da tsaiko a cikin jadawalin jigilar kayayyaki, sabuwar annobar kambin da ta fara a bara ta sa tsarin jigilar kayayyaki a duniya ya fuskanci matsala mafi girma cikin shekaru 65 da suka gabata.Tun da farko, jaridar "Financial Times" ta Burtaniya ta ba da rahoton cewa, jiragen ruwa 353 na kwantena suna yin layi a wajen tashoshin jiragen ruwa na duniya, fiye da sau biyu adadin a daidai wannan lokacin a bara.Daga cikin su, har yanzu akwai jiragen dakon kaya 22 da ke jira a wajen tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Los Angeles da Long Beach, manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Amurka, kuma an yi kiyasin cewa har yanzu za a dauki kwanaki 12 ana sauke ayyukan.Bugu da kari, Amurka da wasu kasashe da dama na iya zama babbar matsala wajen kara yawan kayayyakin da suke da su na ranar Juma'ar Black Black da kuma cinikin Kirsimeti mai zuwa.Masana sun yi imanin cewa, a lokacin da ake fama da annobar, kasashe sun karfafa matakan kula da iyakoki, kuma an yi illa ga sarkar samar da kayayyaki na gargajiya.Koyaya, buƙatun siyayya ta kan layi daga mutanen gida ya ƙaru sosai, wanda ya haifar da hauhawar yawan kayan dakon ruwa da tashoshi da yawa.
Baya ga annobar cutar, tsufar ababen more rayuwa ta tashar jiragen ruwa a duniya shi ma wani muhimmin dalili ne na cunkoson ababen hawa.Toft, babban jami'in gudanarwa na MSC, kungiyar dakon kaya na biyu mafi girma a duniya, ya bayyana cewa, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, tashoshin jiragen ruwa na duniya sun fuskanci matsaloli irin su tsofaffin ababen more rayuwa, da karancin kayan aiki, da rashin iya jurewa manyan jiragen ruwa.A cikin watan Maris na wannan shekara, jirgin ruwan "Changci" ya yi taho-mu-gama a mashigin ruwa na Suez, lamarin da ya kawo cikas ga harkokin jigilar kayayyaki a duniya.Daya daga cikin dalilan shi ne cewa "Changci" ya yi girma da yawa kuma ya toshe hanyar kogin bayan ya lanƙwasa ya gudu.A cewar rahotanni, a gaban irin wannan katafaren jirgin dakon kaya, tashar tana kuma bukatar wani jirgin ruwa mai zurfi da kuma babban kogi.Koyaya, yana ɗaukar lokaci don haɓaka abubuwan more rayuwa.Ko da kawai don maye gurbin na'urar, yana ɗaukar watanni 18 daga ba da oda don kammala aikin, yana sa ba zai yiwu ba ga tashoshin jiragen ruwa na gida su yi gyare-gyare a kan lokaci a lokacin annoba.
Soren Toft, Shugaba na Jirgin Ruwa na Bahar Rum (MSC), rukunin jigilar kaya na biyu mafi girma a duniya, ya ce: A zahiri, matsalolin tashar jiragen ruwa sun kasance kafin barkewar cutar, amma an ba da fifikon tsoffin wurare da iyakokin iya aiki yayin barkewar.
A halin yanzu, wasu kamfanonin sufurin jiragen ruwa sun yanke shawarar daukar matakin sanya hannun jari a tashar jiragen ruwa, ta yadda masu jigilarsu za su samu fifiko.Kwanan nan, HHLA, mai kula da tashar Hamburg ta Jamus, ta ce tana tattaunawa da tashar jiragen ruwa na COSCO SHIPPING kan wani gungu-gungu na tsirarun, wanda zai sa ƙungiyar jigilar kayayyaki ta kasance abokan hulɗa a cikin tsarawa da kuma saka hannun jari a cikin ayyukan gina tashar jiragen ruwa.
2. Farashin jigilar kaya ya hau sabon matsayi
A ranar 10 ga watan Agusta, kididdigar jigilar kayayyaki ta duniya ta nuna cewa, farashin jigilar kayayyaki daga kasar Sin, kudu maso gabashin Asiya zuwa gabar tekun gabashin Amurka ta Arewa ya zarce dalar Amurka 20,000 kan kowace TEU a karon farko.A ranar 2 ga Agusta, adadin har yanzu yana da dala 16,000.
Rahoton ya ambato masana na cewa a cikin watan da ya gabata, Maersk, Mediterranean, Hapag-Lloyd da sauran manyan kamfanonin sufurin jiragen ruwa na duniya sun yi nasara ko kuma sun kara wasu karin kudaden da ake samu da sunan karin kudin da ake samu a lokutan kololuwa da kuma cunkoso a tashar jiragen ruwa.Wannan kuma shine mabuɗin ga hauhawar farashin kaya kwanan nan.
Bugu da kari, ba da dadewa ba, Ma'aikatar Sufuri ta kuma bayyana cewa, tare da yawaitar annobar cutar a kasashen waje, ana ci gaba da samun cunkoso mai tsanani a tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Amurka, Turai da sauran wurare tun daga rubu'in na hudu na shekarar 2020, wanda ya haifar da rudani a cikin kasar. Sarkar samar da kayan aiki na kasa da kasa da rage yawan aiki, wanda ya haifar da babban yanki na jadawalin jirgin ruwa.Jinkirin ya yi tasiri sosai ga ingancin aiki.A bana, karancin karfin jigilar kayayyaki na kasa da kasa da hauhawar farashin kaya sun zama matsala a duniya.
3. Shirin "Makon Zinare" na jirgin ruwa mara kyau na iya ƙara haɓaka farashin kaya
Rahotanni sun bayyana cewa, kamfanonin sufurin jiragen ruwa suna tunanin kaddamar da wani sabon zagaye na tafiye-tafiye marasa galihu daga Asiya a daidai lokacin hutun makon zinare na watan Oktoba a kasar Sin, domin tallafa musu matuka wajen karuwar farashin kayayyaki a shekarar da ta gabata.
A cikin 'yan makonnin da suka gabata, yawan jigilar kayayyaki na manyan hanyoyin tekun Pasifik da Asiya zuwa Turai bai nuna alamun koma baya ba.Rufe tashar Ningbo Meishan da aka yi a baya ya kara ta'azzara karancin wuraren jigilar kayayyaki kafin hutun ranar kasar Sin.A ranar 25 ga watan Agusta ne za a rufe tashar ruwa ta Meishan Wharf na tashar jirgin ruwa ta Ningbo, kuma za a dawo da shi gaba daya a ranar 1 ga Satumba, wanda ake sa ran zai magance matsalolin da ake fuskanta.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-24-2021
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